PTFE filter material is produced by free radical polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene.
Industrial polymerization reactions are carried out with stirring in the presence of a large amount of water to disperse the heat of reaction and facilitate temperature control.
Polymerization is generally carried out at 40-80°C and a pressure of 3-26 kgf/cm2. Inorganic persulfate and organic peroxide can be used as initiators, or a redox initiating system can be used.
Each mole of tetrafluoroethylene releases heat of 171.38kJ during polymerization.
Dispersion polymerization requires the addition of perfluorinated surfactants, such as perfluorooctanoic acid or its salts.
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