随着信息技术和生物工程的崛起与不断发展，纳米功能材料及纳米技术成为各国研究的热点� Due to the unique structure and performance of nanomaterials and their wide application prospects in practice, nanotechnology has deeply penetrated into various fields of human life and production, such as cosmetics, coatings, food, etc., as well as machinery, electronics, and chemical industries. , medicine, energy, etc. �纳米技术可以使得许多传统产品得到改进或获得一系列的新功能，增强产品的市场竞争力� In the textile industry, nanomaterials and technology also have broad prospects for use, especially in today’s era of functionalization and high value-added textiles. Nanomaterials can make products conductive, static, high-strength and wear-resistant through raw material functionalization and finishing methods. , antibacterial, deodorant, anti-ultraviolet, high adsorption and other functions �</p
Application of nanomaterials in textiles<br /
纳米材料研究的两大方向之一就是纳米材料的应用，由于纳米材料独特的结构、性能及其造成的巨大发展潜力，世界上各个国家都在加紧此方面的研究与开发。在纺织行业，纳米材料的应用刚刚开始，作为一种高新技术与传统产业的结合，它将给传统的纺织也注入新的活力。
2.1. Application of nanomaterials in textiles<br /
纳米材料在纺织上的应用方式主要可分为两大类，一是通过纤维改性功能化来实现，二是通过后整理技术对织物进行功能化整理。
2.11. Fiber modification and functionalization<br /
这主要是利用化纤改性技术，将纳米材料作为添加剂来对纤维实现改性，制备功能化纤维/纳米材料复合纤维� For example, solution blending in wet spinning means that after the polymer is dissolved in an appropriate solvent, nanoparticles are added to it, stirred thoroughly, and then spinning is performed, while melt spinning involves adding nanoparticles to the solution. Functionalized fibers are prepared from molten polymers. This method takes advantage of the thermal stability of nanoparticles, but requires good dispersion and compatibility with the polymer. �</p
2.12. Post-processing method<br /
除了直接将纳米粒子加入到纤维中去，后整理也是一类主要的纳米微粒与纺织品相结合的方法，尤其是对于天然纤维而言� This method mainly refers to coating method and dipping method. Coating technology is a technology commonly used in finishing. It adds nanoparticles to the coating agent, and then applies it to the fabric surface for fine coating. After drying and some necessary processing, </p
一种功能性的涂层，从而可达到特殊的功能，这种方法具有简单耐用、工艺操作方便等优点� �浸渍法是将纳米微粒的乳胶和其它整理剂混合均匀后，将织物浸入其中而获得特殊功效的� In short, how to achieve better combination of nanoparticles with textiles mainly involves solving the two problems of how to make them evenly distributed in textiles or fibers, and how to make them form good and strong bonds with fiber polymers and fabrics. To ensure the stability, durability and uniformity of product quality �</p
2.2. Application fields of nanomaterials in textile functionalization<br /
With the application of various high-tech technologies in the textile processing industry and people's needs for clothing comfort, hygiene, and health care, various functional textiles continue to emerge, such as antibacterial and deodorant, anti-ultraviolet, far-infrared, anti-electromagnetic radiation, Antistatic, etc., specifically nanotechnology and nanomaterials, can be mainly used in the following aspects �</p
2.21. Anti-UV, anti-static finishing and far-infrared health care finishing<br /
As we all know, appropriate ultraviolet rays have the effect of sterilization and disinfection, but for the human body, excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays can induce various skin diseases, promote cataracts and other eye diseases, and reduce immunity, especially when the ozone layer of the atmosphere is constantly being destroyed, and on the ground The amount of ultraviolet radiation is increasing rapidly, and it is necessary to carry out anti-ultraviolet finishing on textiles. �而有的纳米微粒具备了吸收和反射紫外线的能力，如纳米氧化锌粉体即具有此性能，可有效的防止皮肤产生红斑，防止皮肤癌等病症的发生� �另外随着合成纤维的大量使用，由于其吸湿性差等缘故，因摩擦而产生的静电现象很是严重进而大量吸附周围环境中的尘埃� �应用纳米技术，只要加入少量的纳米金属微粒即可防止� �<br /
Others, such as zirconia monoclinic crystals, can effectively absorb external energy and radiate far-infrared rays that are the same as the human body's biological wave spectrum. This far-infrared ray acts on the human body, causing resonance activation of human cells. It has the functions of heat preservation and antibacterial, and promotes blood circulation. circulation, enhance immunity and other health care functions �</p
2.22. Antibacterial and anti-electromagnetic radiation finishing<br /
一些金属粒子如银、铜、锌、铁等，可通过其释放出微量的金属离子，与带负电荷的菌体蛋白质结合而使细菌变形或沉淀，从而达到杀菌作用。目前，国内外常用的纺织品抗菌剂主要分为有机抗菌剂和�There are two types of �� series inorganic antibacterial agents. Among them, organic antibacterial agents have one-way antibacterial properties and can easily cause bacteria to develop drug resistance. Silver series inorganic antibacterial agents are costly and have complicated preparation processes. Nano-zinc oxide and silver oxide micropowders not only have good antibacterial and deodorizing functions, but also have good ultraviolet shielding effects. For example, the domestically developed nano antibacterial and deodorant towels are a daily health care product with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties.
The popularity of various household appliances, mobile phones, computers and other communication equipment has caused people to increasingly pay attention to the impact of electromagnetic radiation on human health. At the “Expert Seminar on Electromagnetic Radiation and its Prevention” held in Shanghai not long ago, more than 10 people Experts agree that preventive measures should be provided for people who are exposed to electromagnetic waves for a long time. Nanomaterials themselves have superior radiation protection properties and can therefore be widely used in this regard</p
2.23. Generation of sun-resistant, anti-aging, high-strength and wear-resistant materials<br /
Some chemical fibers are not resistant to sunlight because organic polymer materials will degrade their molecular chains under ultraviolet irradiation and produce a large amount of free radicals, which will affect the color and strength of fibers and textiles. Nano-TiO2 particles are a A stable ultraviolet absorber that is evenly dispersed in polymer materials and uses its absorption of ultraviolet rays to prevent the degradation of molecular chains, thereby achieving the effect of sun protection and aging resistance. �<br /
In the research of nanofunctional materials, there is also a kind of "carbon nanotube", which was originally prepared by Iijima using the arc discharge method. Its radial size is on the order of nanometers, and its axial size is on the order of micrometers. It behaves like a typical one-dimensional Quantum materials have high mechanical strength, amazing electrical properties, and high elastic modulus. They also have excellent wear resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, etc., and can be filled with a variety of substances. �所以纳米碳管可用于制作各种纺织新材料和织物，如导电或抗静电纤维及功能织物，高强高模材料等等� �另外，纳米碳管还具有良好的吸收波的特性，用含有其微粒的纤维制作的织物，具有比一般吸收材料高很多的光吸收率，可用于制作特殊用途的吸波防反射织物等等� �<br /
在国内，据不完全统计，以纳米技术为基础的企业也已经超过100家，7条纳米材料的生产线已投入生产或正在开发� �在与传统产业结合的进程中，纺织业中纳米材料的应用还刚刚开始，对于纳米材料在纤维或纺织品上分散均匀性以及如何更好的结合，还存在不少的问题，有待于进一步的研究� But at the same time, we should also realize that the development of nanotechnology is not only a challenge but also an opportunity for the textile industry. We should accelerate the integration of nanotechnology and the textile industry, inject new vitality and vitality into the traditional textile industry, and develop Develop nanotextile materials and textiles with various functions �</p
Source of article: Jiangsu Hehai Nanotechnology Co., Ltd.
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