Waterproof and breathable fabric
Waterproof and breathable fabric
Waterproof and breathable fabric is a new type of textile fabric, which is composed of polymer waterproof and breathable material (PTFE membrane) and fabric. It is made into two-layer composite and three-layer composite according to different product requirements. It is widely used in outdoor clothing, mountaineering clothing, windbreakers, raincoats, shoes, hats and gloves, cold-proof jackets, sporting goods, medical equipment, etc., and is gradually used in fashion clothing.
The main functions of waterproof and breathable fabrics are: waterproof, moisture-permeable, breathable, insulating, and warm. Its moisture permeability is 16,000g per square meter per 24 hours, its waterproof pressure can reach 8,000-20,000mm water column, and its insulation can reach 100,000 volts. The fabric can maintain its best performance in harsh environments and can adapt to temperatures from 427 degrees to minus 200 degrees. In terms of production technology, the technical requirements of waterproof and breathable fabrics are much higher than those of ordinary waterproof fabrics. At the same time, from a quality point of view, waterproof and breathable fabrics also have functional characteristics that other waterproof fabrics do not have. Waterproof and breathable fabrics not only enhance the air-tightness and water-tightness of the fabric, but also have unique breathable properties that can quickly discharge water vapor inside the structure, avoid mold breeding in the structure, and keep the human body always dry. It perfectly solves the problem of breathability, windproof, waterproof, It is a new type of fabric that is healthy and environmentally friendly.
Through understanding and studying some basic knowledge of textile fabric development, I have some general understanding of textile fabrics. Through studying and consulting previous research and compiled information on the Internet, let me introduce my understanding of waterproof and breathable fabrics. specific understanding.
The ability of fabrics to be waterproof and breathable is of great significance to clothing fabrics. Winter outerwear fabrics need to be windproof and insulating,
Should have less breathability. Summer clothing fabrics should have good breathability to achieve a cool feeling. For someone
Some special-purpose fabrics, such as parachutes, sails, clothing coated fabrics and space suits, have specific waterproof and breathable requirements. Compared with the natural warmth of animal skins, outerwear made of textile fabrics is the crystallization of human wisdom.
In addition to having good down to ensure good thermal insulation performance, winter down clothing also has very high fabric requirements. Fabrics in direct contact with down are generally made of high-density poplin fabric, which has a very good anti-downing effect, and The breathability is ideal, but the waterproof effect is somewhat lacking. Due to the high price of high-density poplin, general manufacturers have switched to coated fabrics to save costs. However, the breathability of the coated fabrics used by some manufacturers is very poor, similar to that of films, or even not breathable at all.
Prior to this, the textile industry had no ideal solution to the requirement of both waterproofing and breathability. Existing materials could only provide low levels of waterproofing and breathability, or could not achieve both. The emergence of American GORE-TEX fabric (PTFE for short) has changed all this. Although GORE-TEX itself does not retain heat, it is difficult for air molecules to penetrate and is very windproof. Gore-Tex is a porous film that needs to be pressed It can be made into clothing fabrics only when it is combined inside a layer of nylon material. Because the water droplets in its pores are smaller and larger than water molecules, it is theoretically waterproof and breathable. Through the mesh lining of the jacket, you will see a white gel-like film pressed on top of the nylon material. Therefore, it shows excellent thermal insulation performance.
GORE-TEX has excellent performance and is the standard equipment of most expedition teams. From Mount Everest to the North and South Poles to astronauts in space, no one else can find better materials than GORE-TEX. Mainly manifested in the following aspects:
Waterproof
Generally, the waterproofness of waterproof nylon is only 1000-2000mm, which can only withstand ordinary showers; the slightly better ones are 5000mm, which can withstand heavy rains; the US military standard is only 7000mm, while the waterproofness of GORE-TEX is as high as 20000mm.
The main functions of waterproof and breathable fabrics are: waterproof, moisture-permeable, breathable, insulating, windproof, and warm. In terms of production technology, the technical requirements of waterproof and breathable fabrics are much higher than those of ordinary waterproof fabrics. At the same time, from a quality point of view, waterproof and breathable fabrics also have functional characteristics that other waterproof fabrics do not have. Waterproof and breathable fabrics not only enhance the air-tightness and water-tightness of the fabric, but also have unique breathable properties that can quickly discharge water vapor inside the structure, avoid mold breeding in the structure, and keep the human body always dry. It perfectly solves the problem of breathability, windproof, waterproof, It is a new type of fabric that is healthy and environmentally friendly.
Real waterproof fabrics can withstand the pressure of water seepage and do not seep water even if they are exposed to humid climate environments for a long time. For example, if you walk outdoors in windy and rainy conditions for a long time, or kneel or sit on wet ground, there will be no water leakage.
Breathability
The specification of breathability is gm/m2/24hr. Generally, waterproof and breathable fabrics only have 2000-3000gm/m2/24hr, while GORE-TEX has an air permeability of up to 8000-10000gm/m2/24hr.
Breathability refers to the permeability of gas to polymer materials such as films, coatings, and fabrics. It is one of the important physical properties of polymers. Breathability is a valuable hygienic performance of leather products for wear such as leather clothing and shoes. Breathability is related to the partial weave shape of leather fibers and the degree of fiber bundle dispersion, the porosity of the leather and the performance of oiling, filling and coating layers.
Suede leather and uncoated leather have good air permeability, while heavily padded or thickly coated leather has poor air permeability. Air permeability can be measured with an instrument to measure the air permeable per unit area of a leather sample under a certain pressure and within a certain period of time.Quantity representation.
Easy to clean
Wash gently in warm water using regular laundry detergent, or machine wash on slow speed. Clothes dryers and low-temperature irons can be used.
To sum up, GORE-TEX is a fabric that is more breathable than cotton, more waterproof than plastic cloth, and more windproof than ordinary chemical fiber jackets. But it can only perform as it should under the applicable environment.
Fluoroethylene (PTFE) waterproof and breathable laminated fabric is formed by using a special bead adhesive to combine the PTFE microporous film and ordinary fabric through a lamination process. The fabric has excellent waterproof, breathable, windproof and warm properties. It not only has outstanding performance, but also has a wide range of applications, flexible design, and low pollution.
Through understanding, I feel that if this new type of raw material can be made into yarn, and then woven into fabrics with a special tight fabric structure, which has waterproof and breathable properties at the same time, and is applied to clothing fabrics, regardless of whether it is feasible or not, as society With the rapid development of science and technology, the development of textile fabrics will be a journey without an end. mZDU5F7qKo
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