Types of fabric
Types of fabric
Classification Principle Fabric Name
According to the fabric weaving method, it is divided into woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics
According to fabric composition: 100% cotton fabric, pure fiber fabric, silk fabric, 100% wool fabric, 100% linen fabric, blended fabric, etc.
According to the fabric structure, it can be divided into plain fabric, twill fabric, satin fabric, jacquard fabric, etc.
According to the degree of post-finishing, it can be divided into original color fabrics (grey fabrics), dyed fabrics, yarn-dyed fabrics, printed fabrics, coated fabrics, etc.
According to the thickness of the fabric, it is divided into thick fabrics and thin fabrics
Woven Fabric
Also called woven fabric, it is a fabric formed by interweaving warp and weft yarns vertically with each other. Its basic weave has three types: plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave. Different woven fabrics are also composed of these three basic organizations and their varied organizations. Mainly include chiffon, Oxford, denim, twill, flannel, damask, etc.
Woven is made of two yarns, warp and weft.
Plain weave
It refers to a fabric woven with warp and weft yarns interlaced every other yarn (that is, the yarns are 1 on top and 1 on the bottom). This kind of fabric is characterized by many interweaving points, firm texture, smooth surface, soft, thin and thin. High-end embroidered fabrics are generally plain weave fabrics.
Twill
It refers to a fabric woven with warp and weft yarns interlaced at least once every two yarns (i.e. 2 up and 1 down or 3 up and 1 down). This kind of fabric is generally woven by adding warp and weft interweaving points to change the fabric structure, so it is also collectively called twill fabric. This kind of fabric is thicker and has a strong three-dimensional texture. Mostly used in bedding. The number of sticks usually ranges from 30, 40, and 60.
Satin
Satin weave means that the warp (or weft) floating threads are longer and have fewer interweaving points. Although they form diagonal lines, they are not continuous and are regularly and evenly spaced apart from each other. This fabric structure is called satin weave.
Knitted Fabric
Knitting needles are used to form yarn or filament into loops, and then the loops are strung together. Due to the loop structure characteristics of knitted fabrics, a large amount of yarn is stored per unit length, so most of them have good elasticity. Knitted fabrics are available in single-sided and double-sided fabrics. Mainly include jersey (Single Jersey), velvet, mesh cloth, etc. Knitted fabrics can be divided into two categories: weft knitted fabrics and warp knitted fabrics. Such as: cultural shirts, T-shirts, sweaters, thermal underwear, shorts, etc. Easy to stretch, wear loosely, and bend easily.
Knitting is made from a single thread of yarn.
①Weft knitted fabric is a fabric in which the yarn is fed from the weft direction, and the same yarn is sequentially bent into loops and strung together. The common sweater is weft knitted fabric.
② The direction of the loops of warp knitted fabrics is exactly opposite to that of weft knitting. It is one or several groups of parallel yarns, which are fed in the warp direction, bent into loops and connected with each other.
Non-Woven Fabric
It is made of textile fibers processed by bonding, fusion or other mechanical and chemical methods. Mainly include non-woven fabrics, adhesive fabrics, etc.
It is processed by oriented or randomly arranged fibers, that is, the fibers are directly bonded through physical methods.
The process is short, the production speed is fast, the output is high, the cost is low, the uses are wide, and the sources of raw materials are many.
Such as: surgical gowns, protective clothing, masks, sheets, bedspreads, linings, diapers, tea bags, etc.
Coated fabric
It is a fabric that is coated or bonded with a layer of polymer material on the surface of the fabric to give it a unique appearance or function. Such as waterproof, windproof, breathable and other functions.
Representative fabrics of coated fabrics include anti-(down) coated fabrics, waterproof and breathable coated fabrics (such as PVC or PU), flame-retardant coated fabrics, conductive and imitation leather fabrics.
Printed fabric
It uses dyes to make color paste and directly prints it on white or light-colored fabrics to form patterns. The process is simple, the cost is low, and it has many applications. Common printing methods include flat screen printing, rotary screen printing, transfer printing, etc.
(6) Yarn-dyed fabric
It refers to the process of dyeing yarn or filament first, and then using colored yarn to weave fabrics. This kind of fabric is called “dyed fabric.” The factory that produces yarn-dyed fabric is generally called a yarn-dyed factory, such as denim and large-scale fabrics. Some shirt fabrics are yarn-dyed.
Denim, also called split fabric, is a thicker yarn-dyed warp-faced twill cotton fabric. The warp yarns are dark in color, usually indigo blue, and the weft yarns are light in color, usually light gray or scoured white yarn. Also known as indigo labor cloth.
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