Flame retardant mechanism of flame retardant fabrics
Flame retardant mechanism of flame retardant fabric
The combustion of organic polymer fibers needs to go through four stages of heating, decomposition, gasification and oxidative combustion. People can suppress combustion in any stage. The combustion process of organic polymer fibers: first, the external heat is applied, and then the organic polymers are thermally decomposed, releasing flammable gases, and forming flames under the action of oxygen in the air. As the flames spread, the organic polymers continue to be heated, intensifying the heat. Decomposition proceeds.
The combustion process of organic polymer fiber is shown in the figure.
Due to the different molecular structures of fibers and types of flame retardants, the flame retardant mechanism is very complex. In a specific flame retardant system, multiple flame retardant mechanisms may be involved. The flame retardant mechanism can be mainly divided into:
(1) Weather flame retardant: Treating non-woven fabrics with organic halides and antimony oxides will form gaseous active free radicals when heated, which will then combine with oxygen in the air to terminate the oxidative combustion of flammable gases.
(2) Solid-phase flame retardant: Use flame retardants containing phosphorus, sulfur, boron and other flame retardants to thermally decompose cellulose non-woven fabrics to form flame-retardant non-volatile residues (such as carbon), so that they will not form flames. To achieve the purpose of flame retardant finishing.
(3) Expansion isolation: The carbon residue formed during thermal decomposition of organic matter in fibers and flame retardants is expanded by the inert gas generated during thermal decomposition to form a honeycomb isolation layer, thereby achieving heat insulation and oxygen isolation flame retardancy. Purpose
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