fabric coating

Fabric coating

Fabric Coating

Fabric Coating Overview

Fabric coating, as the name suggests, is to apply a layer of other materials on the surface of the fabric. This also shows that fabric coating has two processing objects – base fabric, coating material, and the technology that combines the two – coating technology.
Broadly speaking coating technology also includes lamination, that is, applying a layer of adhesive on a base fabric, covering it with a layer of film or other materials, and heating and pressurizing it to form a composite fabric; or the film itself is an adhesive material. Bond the base fabric to other materials.
In a narrow sense, it is the process of applying coating materials to the surface of fabrics. The coating method of the fabric coating should be selected according to the product requirements and the characteristics of the coating agent used. Generally divided into two categories: direct coating method and indirect coating method. The direct coating method is to apply the coating agent directly and evenly to the surface of the fabric using physical and mechanical methods; the indirect coating method, also known as transfer coating, is to first apply the coating agent to a special anti-stick transfer paper using a scraper method. (also called release paper). Then press it with the fabric to bond the coating to the fabric, and then separate the transfer paper from the fabric.

1. Coating finishing methods and coating processing equipment

Fabric coating finishing, in a narrow sense, is the process of applying coating materials to the surface of the fabric. The coating method of the fabric coating should be selected according to the product requirements and the characteristics of the coating agent used. Generally divided into two categories: direct coating method and indirect coating method. The direct coating method is to apply the coating agent directly and evenly to the surface of the fabric using physical and mechanical methods; the indirect coating method, also known as transfer coating, is to first apply the coating agent to a special anti-stick transfer paper using a scraper method. (also called release paper). Then press it with the fabric to bond the coating to the fabric, and then separate the transfer paper from the fabric.

There are many types of coating processing equipment. Some of the commonly used equipment abroad include floating blade coaters, knife roll coaters, reverse roll coaters, blade roll coaters, rotary screen coaters, and indirect coaters (also known as indirect coaters). (called transfer coating machine).

2. Development of coating agents

There are also many types of coating agents for coating finishing. Commonly used polymers include latex, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyethylene and other polymers. Among these coating agents, polyacrylate and polyurethane resins have developed particularly significantly in recent years. Polyacrylate is made by copolymerizing different acrylate monomers, which can have different physical and mechanical properties due to the different raw material monomers used; polyurethane is made from compounds containing diisocyanate groups and polyols or other active hydrogen-containing compounds. The compound is formed by addition polymerization, and there are no by-products in the reaction. In the past few years, most of the coating agents used in domestic fabric coating processing were imported from Japan. In the past two years, several chemical factories and scientific research units in China have trial-produced high-level coating agents, which provides a good foundation for development. my country’s fabric coating technology has created favorable conditions.

3. Development status of fabric coating technology in my country

In our country, coating processing technology is not a new process for rubber, paper and other industries, but the application of coating technology in the textile printing and dyeing industry has only been expanded and developed in recent years. With a large population and vast territory, my country has a large demand for coated fabrics, but domestic production is slow. According to investigations, the Ministry of Commerce has imported coated fabrics from Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and other places in recent years
More than 20 million meters, mainly due to the booming clothing, shoe and hat processing industries that have developed in the coastal areas of Guangdong and Fujian after the opening up to the outside world, which require a large number of coated fabrics as raw materials. Wouldn’t it be a pity if we don’t seize the favorable market? However, for our country, the new technology and process of high-grade fabric coating finishing started late. Although a certain number of products have entered the market, Because there are few varieties and colors, and the quality is not up to par, it is difficult to enter the international market. In response to this current situation, the Ministry of Textiles
It was decided at the meeting to formulate the “Seventh Five-Year Plan” Spark Plan that the development of transfer coating technology and products will be included in the national key technology development projects during the “Seventh Five-Year Plan” period, and the transfer coating equipment, synthesis of coating agents and coatings will be studied. Products must start side by side and develop the characteristics of our country. In short, in our country, the development of fabric coating technology will, on the one hand, bring new markets to improve the versatility and diversification of textiles, and more importantly, it can bring significant social and economic benefits to the national economy.

Types of coating finishing

1. PA coating, also called AC glue coating, is an acrylic coating. It is a common coating at present. After coating, it can increase the hand feel, windproof and drape.
2. PU coating, that is, polyurethane coating, after coating, the fabric feels plump, elastic, and has a filmy feel on the surface.
3. Anti-down coating refers to anti-down coating. After coating, it can prevent down from running away and is suitable for making down jacket fabrics. But now, any PA coating with water pressure requirements is also called anti-velvet coating.
4. PA white glue coating, that is, coating a layer of white acrylic resin on the surface of the fabric, can increase the covering rate of the cloth, make it impervious to color, and make the color of the cloth more vivid.
5. PU white glue coating, that is, coating a layer of white polyurethane resin on the surface of the fabric. The function is basically the same as PA white glue, but the PU white glue is hand-painted after application.�Fuller, the fabric is more elastic and has better fastness.
6. PA silver glue coating is to apply a layer of silver-white glue on the surface of the fabric to make the fabric have light-shielding and radiation-proof functions. It is generally used in curtains, tents, and clothing.
7. PU silver glue coating, the basic functions are the same as PA silver glue coating. However, PU silver-coated fabrics have better elasticity and better fastness. For tents and other fabrics that require high water pressure, PU silver-coated fabrics are better than PA silver-coated fabrics.
8. Pearlescent coating: By applying pearlescent coating on the surface of the fabric, the surface of the fabric has a pearl-like luster, which is silvery white and colored. It makes a very beautiful costume. There are also PA pearlescent and PU pearlescent. PU pearlescent is smoother and brighter than PA pearlescent, has a better film feel, and is also known as “pearl film”.
9. Glossy coating. The surface is smooth and shiny after coating. It is generally suitable for tablecloths.
10. Silicone high-elastic coating, also called paper-like coating. Thin cotton fabric is very suitable for shirt fabrics. It has a plump feel, is brittle and elastic, has strong resilience and is wrinkle-resistant. For thick fabrics, it has good elasticity and fastness.
11. Film coating: By calendering and coating the surface of the fabric, a film is formed on the surface of the fabric, completely changing the style of the fabric. Generally, the leather membrane surface is made into the front of the garment, giving it the style of a leather jacket. There are two types: matte and glossy, and various colors can be added to the coating to make a colorful film, which is very beautiful.
12. Flame-retardant coating, by padding or coating the fabric, the fabric has a flame-retardant effect. And the surface of the fabric can be painted in color or silver. Generally used for curtains, tents, clothing, etc.
13. Teflon three-proof treatment: The fabric is treated with DuPont Teflon to make the fabric waterproof, oil-proof and anti-fouling.
14. Anti-UV coating: By applying anti-UV treatment to the fabric, the fabric has anti-UV function, that is, the ability to prevent ultraviolet rays from penetrating. Generally, light colors are more difficult to achieve, while dark colors are easier to achieve.
15. There are also coatings specifically designed for cotton, such as: cotton scratch-off coating, paper-feel coating, washed-out coating, hidden-grain coating, oil-feel wax-feel coating, color film coating, etc.

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