UV protection fiber
UV protection fiber
Today, as material living standards are improving day by day, people’s traditional awareness of fabrics and clothing has also made new breakthroughs. While pursuing comfort and high-end, they also require health-care functionality, which has become a new fashion.
1.1 The impact of ultraviolet radiation on human health
In recent years, due to a large amount of halogen-containing compounds such as Freon remaining in the sky above the earth, they are decomposed by ultraviolet rays to form active chlorine, which then undergoes a chain chemical reaction with ozone, destroying the ozone layer and making it possible for short-wave ultraviolet rays to reach the ground. Long-term exposure of ultraviolet rays to the human body will cause various degrees of harm to the human body, such as increasing the number of cataract patients, decreasing human immune function, hindering the growth and development of plants and seawater animals, etc.
1.2 Ultraviolet rays and their classification
Ultraviolet rays are a type of light wave with a short wavelength in sunlight and can be divided into categories according to wavelength
Short wave area (UVC: 200～290nm)
Medium wave area (UVB: 290~320nm)
Long wave area (UVA: 320～400nm)
2. UV protection mechanism
Under normal circumstances, when ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the fabric, part of it is reflected, part is absorbed, and the rest passes through the fabric.
Transmittance + reflectivity + absorptivity = 100%
Two ways to protect against UV rays:
⑴ Increase the reflectivity of the fabric to ultraviolet rays, and the resulting anti-ultraviolet product is called an ultraviolet reflector;
⑵ Increase the absorption rate of ultraviolet rays by textiles, and the resulting anti-ultraviolet products are called ultraviolet absorbers.
2.1 UV reflective agent
Ultraviolet reflective agents achieve the purpose of preventing ultraviolet radiation by reflecting or refracting incident ultraviolet rays.
They do not convert light energy. They use fine or ultra-fine powders such as ceramics or metal oxides to combine with fibers or fabrics to increase the reflection and scattering of ultraviolet rays on the fabric surface.
Mainly including kaolin, calcium carbonate, talc, carbon black, iron oxide, zinc oxide, lead oxide, etc.
2.2 UV absorber
Such substances convert into active isomers after absorbing ultraviolet energy, convert the energy into light and heat and release it, while returning to their atomic structure.
It must have the following characteristics: safe and non-toxic; has a wide range of ultraviolet absorption and good effect; is stable to light, heat and chemical reagents; does not affect the color fastness, strength and feel of the fabric; has good solubility and emulsification, and has good stability in the treatment bath and All fastnesses are good; the raw materials are easy to manufacture and can be supplied in large quantities.
Commonly used UV absorbers include: metal ion compounds. Salicylates, benzophenones, and benzole compounds.
Relevant experts have predicted that by 2050, the amount of stratospheric ozone will decrease by 4%-20%. By then, the impact of ultraviolet rays on human health will also increase exponentially. Therefore, anti-UV textiles emerged as the times require, and anti-UV fibers have gradually attracted people’s attention. In the future, anti-UV fibers will be a protective function with great development prospects.
UV protection clothing
Fabrics with anti-ultraviolet effects can prevent ultraviolet rays from penetrating when worn by people who work outdoors for a long time in summer, such as soldiers, traffic police, geologists, construction workers, etc. Car interior fabrics made of UV-resistant fibers can reduce fading and prolong aging caused by UV exposure.
Application fields of various UV-resistant chemical fibers
Application fields of UV-resistant chemical fibers
Polyester, polycotton shirts, T-shirts, fashion,
Outdoor wear, ski wear, student wear, skirts, home curtains
Cotton and elastane swimwear, sportswear, beachwear, sundresses, ear and neck hats
Viscose and cotton men’s summer clothes, women’s shirts, skirts and trousers
Nylon stockings, silk scarves, outing clothes, tents, and sunscreen umbrellas
Polypropylene hiking jacket, gloves, sun hat
3. Development history of UV-resistant fibers
As early as the early 1980s, Japan’s Kuraray Company launched ESMO fiber with anti-UV function. It used chemical fiber modification technology and used nano-anti-UV materials as additives to modify the fiber to prepare functional fibers and nanocomposite fibers. .
The large-scale development of foreign UV-resistant fibers began in the early 1990s. The better one is Japan. Currently, there are more than ten companies in Japan producing UV-resistant fibers with excellent performance. Although the development of UV-resistant fibers in our country started late, it is developing rapidly. At present, Shanghai, Tianjin, Wuxi and other places have developed anti-UV fibers. During the polymerization process of the fiber-forming polymer or in the molten state, the UV-absorbing additive titanium oxide (TiO2) with anti-UV shielding properties is added and melted. Spun into UV-resistant fibers.
Since Solar Protective Factory (SPF) discovered in 1989 that ultraviolet (UV) penetration of T-shirts would reach an alarming percentage, SPF began to develop sunscreen fabrics.
4.1 UV protection treatment of natural fibers
Ultraviolet shielding treatment for natural fibers is an exhaust treatment and coating treatment for natural fibers or their fabrics.
4.2 Preparation of synthetic fibers containing UV shielding agent
(1) Add components with ultraviolet shielding properties during the polymerization process of the fiber-forming polymer or in the molten state.
That is to say, a suitable ultraviolet absorber is selected to copolymerize with the monomer of the fiber-forming polymer to produce an anti-ultraviolet copolymer, which is then spun into anti-ultraviolet fiber. For example, Japanese patent reports that using conventional direct esterification�To further integrate into people’s lives, the composite functions of comfort, leisure, fashion, green, environmental protection and health are the trend of development. UV-resistant textiles are a newly developed functional product in the 1990s. They are a typical example of applying high-tech nanotechnology to textiles and clothing. Because of their good effects in UV protection, they have become more and more popular among consumers. . However, there are still some key technical issues, such as the preparation, storage, and transportation of nanoparticles, the agglomeration of nanoparticles, the surface modification of nanoparticles, and the uniform distribution of nanopowders on fabrics. These make its application limited, but because of its unique function in UV protection, it has shown great application prospects in fabric UV protection. 458FVX
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