Anti-static fabric
Anti-static fabric
Anti-static fabric is a fabric that has undergone anti-static processing and is widely used in the petroleum industry; mining and metallurgy industry; chemical industry; electronic industry; special industries, such as: atomic energy, aerospace Aviation, weapons, etc. and other industries, such as: food, fireworks, medicine, etc.
Principle
Corona discharge
The local self-sustained discharge of a gas medium in a non-uniform electric field is a common form of gas discharge. It is near the tip electrode with a large radius of curvature. Since the local electric field strength exceeds the ionization field strength of the gas, the gas is ionized and excited, so corona discharge occurs. When corona occurs, light can be seen around the electrode, accompanied by a hissing sound.
Folding what is static electricity
Matter is composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms. Atoms are composed of negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons. Under normal conditions, the number of protons in an atom is the same as the number of electrons, and the positive and negative balances, so it appears uncharged to the outside world. However, electrons surround the atomic nucleus and will break away from the orbit once external force is applied, leaving the original atom and invading other atoms B. Atom A has a positive charge due to the lack of electrons, which is called a cation. Atom B has a positive charge due to the increase in the number of electrons. Negatively charged phenomena are called anions.
The cause of unbalanced electron distribution is that electrons are derailed by external force. This external force contains various energies (such as kinetic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, etc.). In daily life, any two objects of different materials come into contact. After separation, static electricity can be generated.
When two different objects come into contact with each other, one object loses some of its charge, such as electrons transferred to the other object, making it positively charged, while the other object gains some remaining electrons from the object and becomes negatively charged. If the charge is difficult to neutralize during the separation process, the charge will accumulate and the object will be charged with static electricity. Therefore, when objects come into contact with other objects and separate, they will be charged with static electricity. Usually when peeling off a plastic film from an object, it is a typical “contact separation” electrification. The static electricity generated by taking off clothes in daily life is also “contact separation” electrification.
Solids, liquids and even gases can become statically charged due to contact separation. This is because gases are also composed of molecules and atoms. When the air flows, molecules and atoms will also undergo “contact separation” and become electrified.
Static electricity on the human body is mainly caused by the friction between clothes or between clothes and the body. Therefore, the “charge” of clothes of different materials is different. For example, clothes made of chemical fibers are more likely to generate static electricity, while cotton is more likely to generate static electricity. Quality clothing produces less. And because a dry environment is more conducive to the transfer and accumulation of charges, people will feel that the static electricity on their bodies is relatively large in winter.
In dry and windy autumn, we often encounter this phenomenon in our daily lives: when we take off our clothes to go to bed at night, we often hear crackling sounds in the dark, accompanied by blue light. When we meet and shake hands, our fingers just touch each other. The other person will suddenly feel a stinging pain on his fingertips, which is shocking; when he combs his hair in the morning, his hair will often “float” and become more messy the more he combs it, and he will get an “electric shock” when he pulls the door handle or turns on the faucet. The “pop, pop” sound is the static electricity that occurs in the human body. The above-mentioned phenomena are the results of the “discharge” of static electricity in the body to the outside.
When the human body moves, static electricity is generated when skin and clothes rub against each other, as well as between clothes and clothes. As the number of household appliances increases and people wear more chemical fiber clothes in winter, the electrostatic charges generated by household appliances will be absorbed and accumulated by the human body. In addition, the walls and floors in the living room are mostly insulators and the air is dry, so they are more susceptible to electrostatic interference.
In a production environment without anti-static treatment, the relationship between the intensity of static electricity and humidity generated by electronic factory personnel’s daily work is shown in Table 1.
Processing methods of anti-static fabrics
Anti-static processing methods for fabrics usually include:
①The fabric is finished with antistatic finishing agent;
② Fiber graft modification, blending and interweaving of hydrophilic fibers for the purpose of improving fabric hygroscopicity;
③ Blended or inlaid conductive fiber; the mechanism of the first two methods is to increase the moisture regain of the fabric, reduce the insulation, and accelerate electrostatic leakage. Therefore, if the processing effect is not durable or significant in a dry environment or after multiple washings, it is usually used on ordinary clothing fabrics. Only the third method can permanently and efficiently solve the static problem of textiles, so it is widely used in the production of anti-static work clothes. The fabric is finished with an antistatic finishing agent.
Classification of anti-static fabrics
1. Anti-static silk (conductive silk) and anti-static ultra-clean fabrics.
2. Anti-static TC fabric.
3. Anti-static TR fabric.
4. Anti-static CVC fabric, etc.
5. Anti-static cotton fabric.
Application
It can be made into anti-static clothing, anti-static masks, anti-static gloves, anti-static shoes or shoe covers, etc. Applications in medical, pharmaceutical, food, precision�Instruments, aerospace and other industries that are sensitive to static electricity and have high requirements for cleanliness. Anti-static fabrics are widely used in work clothes in various explosive industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, coal, gas stations, liquefied gas stations, tankers, etc., as well as in medicine, automobiles, precision instruments, microelectronics, food, aerospace, etc. that are sensitive to static electricity and clean. Fabrics for industrial work clothes with relatively high safety requirements
How to identify anti-static fabric
There are two types of permanent anti-static fabrics,
, achieved through the hygroscopicity of the fabric surface itself. This kind of fabric relies on the hydrogen bonds between two or more chemical organic molecules inside the fabric itself to transfer high-voltage charges, such as cotton/polyester mixed materials, nylon/polyester mixed materials. Materials, acrylic/polyester blended interweaving, etc., or adding polar groups, such as polar ceramics, or halogen, or sulfonic acid-containing materials during the spinning process of the fabric, under 30% humidity conditions (that is, the humidity in winter), can achieve a very good anti-static effect, but unfortunately, most of us cannot identify such fabrics very well, including many of our big-name clothing manufacturers now, which do not have corresponding products. Fabric knowledge.
Second, it is a fabric with carbon fiber conductive yarn added to the fabric. The conductivity reaches the level of 10 to the 6th power – 10 to the 7th power (and generally the conductivity of our pure fiber with high static electricity is 10 to the 10th power – 10 12th power), therefore, adding carbon fiber can achieve a good permanent anti-static effect. However, because carbon fiber is currently black silk, the appearance of the fabric will be affected and the aesthetics will be worse. However, in specific In situations where anti-static requirements are high or static electricity is dangerous, such as gas stations and microelectronic chip factories, you can only choose clothing fabrics with carbon fiber.
In addition, it is also said that people often only pay attention to the anti-static properties of clothing fabrics, but ignore the anti-static effect of clothing linings. This is very unscientific, because when we dress and take off clothes, the linings of clothing often There is more friction, so the anti-static effect of the clothing lining is as important as the fabric, or even more important than the fabric.
Folding performance test
Organic conductive fibers play an effective role in eliminating static electricity in anti-static work clothes fabrics and ordinary civilian textiles. However, compared with conventional textiles, the electrostatic performance testing of textiles containing conductive fibers has significantly deteriorated in accuracy and attention. Choosing reasonable testing methods and correctly evaluating the electrostatic properties of conductive fiber-containing fabrics are necessary basic work for in-depth research on the processing technology of organic conductive fibers, the production technology of conductive fiber-containing textiles, and guiding the rational application of such textiles. We analyze the adaptability of my country’s current relevant test method standards to the antistatic performance testing of textiles containing conductive fibers.
Folding Technical Specifications
Static electricity testing includes testing of hazardous electrostatic power parameters, testing of electrostatic properties of materials and products, and testing of electrostatic sensitivity of flammable and explosive items. The main parameters that characterize the electrostatic properties of materials and products include resistivity, leakage resistance, charge area density and half-life, frictional charging voltage and half-life, etc. The evaluation of the electrostatic properties of textile materials includes resistance indicators (volume specific resistance, mass specific resistance, surface specific resistance, leakage resistance, inter-electrode equivalent resistance, etc.), electrostatic voltage and its half-life, charge area density and other indicators, as well as ash absorption test Low-precision indicators obtained by simple test methods such as , Zhangfan test, and adsorbed metal sheet test.
Among the current national standards and industry standards for the textile industry in my country, the product standards related to the antistatic function of textiles include:
GB/T 12014-2009 Anti-static Work Clothing:
The test method standards related to the electrostatic properties of textiles are:
GB 12703-1991 Textile static electricity test method;
FZ/T 01042-1996 Textile materials – Electrostatic properties – Determination of electrostatic voltage half-life (replaces FJ 549-1985);
FZ/T 01044-1996 Textile materials – Electrostatic properties – Determination of fiber leakage resistance (replaces FJ 551-1985);
FZ/T 01059-1999 Fabric friction electrostatic adsorption test method (replacing ZB W 04007-1989);
FZ/T 01060-1999 Method for determination of textile triboelectric charge density (replacing ZB W 04008-1989);
FZ/T 01061-1999 Textile triboelectric voltage determination method (replaces ZB W 04009-1989);
The above-mentioned current standards are very similar to ISO, AATCC, ASTM, BS, JIS, DN and other similar standards. Among them, GB/T12014-1989 is basically equivalent to JIS T 8118 “Static Air Charge Preventive Clothing” (1983); GB/T12703-1991 refers to JISL 1094 “Test Method for Charge Performance of Objects and Objects” (1988).
AATCC76-1995 Fabric antistatic test and inspection method.
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