Factors affecting the bulletproof effect of fabrics

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Fabric ballistic aramid 1414 stretch

For fabrics, the bulletproof effect is related to five factors of fiber fabrics:

1. The fineness of the fiber

The fineness of the fiber is small, and the mutual cohesion in the yarn is relatively close, and the force is relatively large. Uniform, thus improving the strength of the yarn. At the same time, the ballistic resistance of fine fiber materials is also improved.

2. Physical performance indicators such as fiber tensile strength, modulus, elongation at break and work of break

Theoretically speaking, materials with high tensile strength and strong elongation and deformation ability have great potential to absorb energy. However, in practice, the materials used for body armor do not allow excessive deformation, otherwise it will cause serious non-penetrating damage. Therefore, the fiber materials used for body armor must also have a high elastic modulus.

3. Fiber assembly method

Yarn is an assembly of fibers. The fracture process is very different from that of fibers. The straightening and parallelism of fiber arrangement, the number of inner and outer layer transfers, yarn twist, etc. all have an important impact on the mechanical properties of the fabric, especially tensile strength, elongation at break and other indicators. Therefore, the yarn should be twisted as little as possible or even not twisted at all, so as to fully improve the fiber utilization.

4. Fabric structure

Theoretically, to obtain good For better impact resistance, UD technology materials with one direction and no interweaving points should be used. Fabrics made using this technology can also be called weftless fabrics. Much of the energy of a bullet or shrapnel can be absorbed through fiber elongation breaks at or near the point of impact. In other words, the weft-free fabric eliminates the negative effects of stress wave reflection and superposition of the fabric, allowing the energy of the stress wave to propagate outward faster, thereby significantly improving the ballistic performance. At the same time, the parallel-arranged fiber structure can also greatly improve the overall utilization of the fabric.

5. Surface characteristics of yarn

Smooth surface and low friction coefficient After the fiber is impacted by a bullet, the ability to transmit energy between fibers becomes poor, and the stress wave cannot spread quickly, thus reducing the fabric’s ability to block bullets. The presence of oil and moisture on the yarn surface will also reduce the resistance of bullets or shrapnel to penetrate the material. Therefore, bulletproof materials often need to be cleaned and dried to increase the frictional resistance of the material surface.

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