The concept and function of combing
Carded sliver contains a lot of short fibers and neps, and the fibers are not straight, parallel and distinct enough, making it difficult to meet the spinning requirements of high-end fabrics. Therefore, fabrics with higher quality requirements must use yarn spun by the combed spinning system. In addition, some special-purpose spinning yarns also mostly use combed yarns.
In the carding spinning system, a combing process is added between the carding and drawing processes to form a combed spinning system. The combing process consists of combing planning machinery and combing machine. Its main functions are:
(1) Remove short lint in the raw sliver, improve the uniformity of fiber length, and improve manufacturing conditions for yarn evenness and yarn strength;
(2) Remove inclusions between fibers. of neps and impurities to improve the appearance quality of the yarn;
(3) further straighten, parallel and separate the fibers to improve the evenness, strength and finish of the spinning yarn;
( 4) Make combed cotton sliver with uniform sliver for easy finishing in the next process.
After the card sliver is combed and finished, 42% to 50% of short fibers, 50% to 60% of impurities, and 10% to 20% of neps are removed. The straightness of the fiber can be increased from about 50% to 85%~95%, so combed yarn is superior to carded yarn with the same linear density in terms of physical and mechanical properties and appearance.
The waste rate in the combing process is high, and the waste contains some long fibers; at the same time, the combing process increases the finishing cost due to the increase in equipment and labor. Therefore, the selection of the combing process should comprehensively consider the technical and economic effects from aspects such as improving yarn quality, saving cotton, and reducing costs.
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