Scientifically respond to cold damage, cotton can still produce high yields
This year, Xinjiang experienced the coldest April in the past 20 years, with periodic low temperatures, cold waves, strong winds, sandstorms and other disaster weather occurring from time to time. The “Guiding Opinions on Strengthening and Refining Post-Disaster Cotton Production Management” (hereinafter referred to as the “Opinions”) issued for the first time by the Xinjiang Cotton Industry Technology System on May 5 stated that in response to the current problems of low temperature cold damage, rain, and hail disasters faced by cotton, as long as disaster relief measures are With scientific precision and timely implementation, production can still be resumed and high and stable production can be achieved.
The “Opinions” pointed out that in response to the disasters currently facing cotton, we must first implement scientific policies, based on the principle of “anticipation and rescue”, and take measures such as manual intervention to prevent various natural disasters. After a disaster occurs, it is necessary to scientifically judge the extent of the disaster and classify the disaster. According to the degree and classification of the disaster, scientific disaster relief measures should be adopted to reseed the severely damaged areas as soon as possible; strengthen management of the lightly damaged areas to minimize losses.
In response to low-temperature chilling damage, a comprehensive combination of policies should be implemented, using comprehensive technical measures of fumigation + cultivating + foliar fertilizer + spraying growth regulators (gibberellins, brassinoids, etc.) + breaking hardening to give full play to the comprehensive Technology integration effect. It should be noted that when using gibberellin growth regulator, dissolve 1 g/acre of gibberellin in alcohol and mix it with water 2000 times before spraying on the leaves. In addition to fumigation, continuous control is required, and then control again every 6-10 days until cotton production returns to normal growth and development.
For disaster-stricken cotton fields that are difficult to classify between moderate and severe disasters, disaster relief measures must be taken decisively. Management should be strengthened and re-broadcast should be re-broadcast. Since there is still time, cotton fields with a germination rate of about 50% are recommended. Speed up resowing, and pay attention to selecting early-maturing disaster relief varieties. Select 125-day varieties in southern Xinjiang and 110-day varieties in northern Xinjiang. After rain, some saline-alkali cotton fields are prone to secondary salinization, resulting in the failure of stiff seedlings. Such cotton fields can be drip-sprayed with effective microbial agents and sprayed with gibberellin growth regulators.
Li Xueyuan, a scientist at the national cotton industry technology system and chief expert of Xinjiang’s cotton industry technology system, said: “Although the disastrous weather has had a greater impact on spring sowing production of cotton this year, the cotton seedling rate is low and the growth and development process is delayed compared to the average in previous years. 6-10 days, but research results and experience show that as long as disaster relief measures are scientific, accurate and timely, production can still be restored and high and stable production can be achieved.”
Li Xueyuan suggested that we should give full play to the characteristics of cotton’s strong plasticity and compensation ability, and make full use of Xinjiang’s modern cotton planting technology, such as using full-process chemical control, integration of water and fertilizer, timely topping, shaping, defoliation and ripening, cultivating, fertilizer and water Advance control and other technologies are used to carry out early-stage regulation, concentrated maturity regulation, and reasonable group and individual structure regulation to build a spatio-temporal structure for cotton growth and development with high and stable yields, and still achieve high, stable and high-quality yields.
The reporter learned that the Xinjiang cotton industry technology system was established in March this year, aiming to solve key scientific and technological problems existing in the development of the cotton industry, while also developing new varieties, new technologies, and new products. , demonstration and promotion of new models and technical consulting services to provide scientific and technological support for the cotton industry to stabilize production and supply, improve quality and efficiency, and transform and upgrade.
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