Abstract: The principle of formation of ring yarn and compact yarn is discussed, and the main characteristics of three compact spinning machines are introduced. The spinning results show that compared with traditional ring-spun yarn, compact yarn has significantly reduced hairiness, and has greatly improved single yarn strength and production efficiency. At the same time, some issues that should be paid attention to when using compact spinning technology are put forward.
Compact spinning technology has received widespread attention from people in the textile industry and has developed rapidly. Compact spinning is an appropriate transformation of the traditional ring spinning machine, by strengthening the spinning triangle area. Fiber control greatly reduces yarn hairiness and significantly improves yarn quality. Compact spinning machines produced by Swiss RIETER Company, German SUESSEN Company, ZINSER Company, and Japanese TOYOTA Company have begun to be used.
The formation principle of ring yarn and compact yarn
The principle of traditional ring spinning
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In traditional ring spinning production, the roving is drafted to the required yarn number through the drafting system. The width of the sliver in the main drafting zone is the diameter of the spun yarn. several times. At this time, each fiber is in a free state when it reaches the front nip line. When these fibers leave the front nip line, they are twisted together to form a yarn, thus forming a spinning triangle. In this triangular area, the fibers are almost completely out of control. The edge fibers break away from the main body before twisting to form fly flowers, or one section of the fiber is twisted into the yarn body, and hairiness is formed at the other end. Therefore, the twisting triangle zone has an important influence on the formation of hairiness on the yarn surface and the generation of fly flowers. In addition, when the fibers are twisted, the fibers outside the triangular area are subject to the greatest tension, while the fibers in the center are subject to the least tension. Therefore, the initial tensions of these fibers are not equal when the yarn is formed, which causes the subsequent processes and the final product to be stretched. Fibers with large pretension will break first, thus affecting the strength of the yarn and finished product. In order to facilitate twisting, the fibers should be parallel, straight and arranged as closely as possible to each other in the main draft zone. The spinning triangle is a major defect of traditional ring spinning.
Principle of compact spinning
On the compact spinning frame, the slivers pass through the main drafting area Finally, before twisting, a set of air suction tightness devices are used, and through negative air pressure, relatively loose fibers are accumulated in a straight line, thereby eliminating the twisting triangle area of ordinary ring spinning, so that the fibers can be free from the freedom before twisting. The loose and flat state becomes a straight and tight state, so that almost all the fibers can be twisted into the yarn during the twisting process, which greatly reduces the hairiness and flying flowers of the yarn, and at the same time improves the arrangement structure of the fibers in the yarn. It is tighter and evenly stressed, which enhances the cohesion between fibers, thereby also improving the strength of the yarn.
Main features of compact spinning frame
Compact spinning of Suessen, Germany
The SUESSEN Elite compact spinning modified by the German company Suessen on the RIEFER G5/1 spinning frame adds a pneumatic clustering area in front of the traditional drafting device, which is composed of suction tubes and grid circles. It is composed of the output top roller and the suction pipe. The suction pipe is in a negative pressure state. There is a narrow slot at each spinning position in the upper part of the suction pipe. The length of the slot extends from the jaws of the front roller to the added grid ring and the clamps of the top roller. On the mouth line. As soon as the fiber leaves the nip line of the front roller, it is adsorbed to the grid ring by negative pressure, and the fiber is transported to the nip line of the output roller against the grid ring. During this process, the fibers are always closely arranged together under the action of negative pressure, basically eliminating the spinning triangle.
Swiss Rieter Compact Spinning Machine
Swiss Rieter ComforSpin K44 Compact Spinning Machine , a fiber gathering unit composed of a gathering wind roller, an air suction insert, and an air flow guide is added in front of the drafting area. There is a specially designed groove on the suction insert in each gathering roller. The air flow is generated by the negative pressure in the gathering roller filled with small holes (D0.8 mm, 80 holes/cm2), and flows through the main roller. The fibers are gathered in the drafting zone. The added clamping roller prevents the twist from extending to the fiber gathering area, so that the fibers are well controlled between the main drafting zone and the fiber twisting zone. The twisting triangle zone become extremely small.
Japanese Toyota Company Compact Spinning
Japanese Toyota Company (TOYOTA) RX240—NEw type compact spinning The spinning frame is composed of a compact spinning system assembled on the RX240NEW spinning frame produced by the company. A cotton collection device composed of a negative pressure suction groove and a porous apron is added to the roller of the drafting mechanism. In order to facilitate operation, each The cotton collecting device adopts a 4-spindle unit assembly. Through the aggregation effect of negative pressure, the fibers improve the parallelism of the fiber bundles and basically eliminate the spinning triangle area.
The main technical characteristics of the three compact spinning devices (see Table 1)
Spinning practice
Yarn quality
Comparison between compact yarn and ring-spun yarn, Hairiness is significantly reduced, especially hairiness above 3 mm, single yarn strength and elongation are greatly improved, and it is more wear-resistant. Table 2 shows the quality comparison of CJ11.7 tex varieties produced by three models.
As can be seen from Table 2: Three types of machinesThere is not much difference in the hairiness and strength of the yarn. Compared with the traditional ring-spun yarn, the hairiness is significantly reduced, and the strength and elongation of the single yarn are greatly improved. With the same raw materials, the twist produced can be reduced by about 10%, the strength produced is the same as that of traditional ring spinning, and the output and efficiency can be increased by about 10% to 15%.
Improvement of fabric varieties and grades
Compact yarn has less hairiness, good parallel arrangement of fibers, and has better Good dyeability and clearer printing patterns. Because the yarn twist can be reduced, the fabric feels soft, has good drape, and is more comfortable to wear. Our factory has a tatting factory, a knitting factory and a garment factory in Gaoming, Guangdong. The yarn produced by our factory is used to make solid color cloth, rice strips and other garment raw materials, which are well received by customers.
Provide convenient conditions for subsequent processing
Due to the processing quality requirements and The grade positioning of products is different. The increased strength of compact yarn can reduce yarn breakage in subsequent processes such as winding, warping, weaving, and knitting, and improve production efficiency. Processes such as singeing can be completely or partially eliminated, providing convenient conditions for subsequent processing. Because there is less hairiness, it is not easy to block the mesh, making the printing effect better.
The rubber roller of the equipment has a large loss
Due to the change in the traverse stroke of the compact spinning roving bars, Small, only 4 mm, causes the rubber roller and apron to wear out faster, and the wear of the rubber roller is more obvious than that of ordinary spinning machines. In normal ring spinning production, the rubber roller can be used for 6 months. Compact spinning rubber rollers can only be used for about 2 months.
The workshop has high temperature, humidity and environmental requirements
Due to the need for airflow to gather compact yarn, The air flows quickly, and flying dust generated by other processes is easy to accumulate here, so cleaning work needs to be strengthened.
Compact spinning requires high temperature and humidity in the workshop. The temperature and humidity requirements of Swiss Rieter Company’s ComforSpinK44 spinning machine are: temperature 28°C ~ 32°C, relative humidity 38% ~ 43%. Relatively speaking, the modified EliFon G5/1 spinning frame has looser requirements on temperature and humidity, with a temperature of 26°C to 32°C and a relative humidity of 42% to 48%.
Winding and splicing quality
Compact yarn has less hairiness and no freedom outside the yarn. Fiber, the twisting effect of the air twister is not good enough. Judging from the actual spinning conditions of our company, the twisting form of mechanical twisting is more suitable for compact spinning.
Conclusion
Since compact spinning reduces yarn hairiness and improves yarn strength, it provides good conditions for subsequent processing. Compact spinning The quality advantages of yarn are well known, but to give full play to its advantages, it is still inseparable from basic production management. Without strict quality management, yarn with stable quality cannot be produced. Without standardized operation management, a large number of defects will occur during the production process. Without strict equipment management, hairy yarn can also be caused by defects in mechanical equipment such as crooked spindles or defective travellers. Therefore, to fully reflect the advantages of compact spinning, we cannot do without the basic management of quality management, operation management, and equipment management. With the advancement of textile technology, compact spinning technology has also made new developments. The introduction of compact siro spinning, compact core-spun spinning, and compact core-spun siro spinning technologies has further broadened the application fields of compact spinning products. </p
